Detachable bit for drills



H. H. DES ROCHES.

DETACHABLE BIT FOR DRILLS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5.1920.

Patented. July 25, 1922.

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attorney;

a if a H. H. DES ROCHES.

DETACHABLE BIT FOR DRILLS.

I A P P L I C A T l O N F l L E D J U N E 5. I920- 1 A23}? 1 3 Patented July 25, 1922.

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' 'I i 22 1a a2 full/[[11 1 [1" 32 wbzm av' M M HILTON HENRY ROCK ES, OF BUTTE, MONTANA, ASSIG-NOB OF ONE-HALF TO MICHAEL J'. SCOTT,

Specification Application filed June To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, HILTON HENRY I)Es v ROOHES, a citizen of the United States, and

residing at Butte, Silver Bow County, State f of Montana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Detachable Bits for Drills, of which the following is a specifia cation.

' chines for drilling holes in hard material,

"such as rocks in mlning, and in drilling water wells and oil wells and other similar work.

In, such work thedrill face is quite quickly dulled and often injured or broken, andit is necessary to resharpen the drill or to substitute a new drill; therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to make a detachable point or end which may betaken off and. another substituted without resharpena ing or substitution of a new drill, It has been found difficult to make a detachable drill point which issatisfactory in practical work, since the strains are such as to cause a looseness to develop with any ordinary or known fastening means, and that looseness causes inaccurate work and early breakage. My resent invention includes a novel form of b t point detachably held in place on the shank by novel means which make it rigid and immovable on the shank in operation, and the strains of use are so distributed and the parts so formed, that it stands without injury the strains of use and does not become loose or develop lost motion. When worn or broken it may be easily removed from the hole with the drill shank to which it is attached and a new point substituted. The novel features of the invention will beapparent from the following description taken in connection with the drawings."

In the drawings: Figure'l is a side view of a drillbit shank having my tip thereon;

Figure 2 is a similar view angles to Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a vertical section through the tip and a part ofigthe shank on the line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Fgure 4 is a criiss section on the line 4 4 .of Figure 3.

-Figure '5 is a vertical section-similar to flanges 12 and 14 somewhat shorter.

roove is cut'within the lateral margins of taken at right.

or BUTTE, MONTANA.

DETACHABLE BIT FOR DRILLS.

1 Letters Patent.

, 1920. Serial No. 386,690.

Figure 3 showing a modified form of shank; an

Figure 6 is a vertical section through a modified form of drill bit.

As shown in the drawings, the drill or 'drill bit includes a shank or body portion 10, (Figures 1 and 3) which in the ease of hand drilling is held in the handand, in

the case of machine drilling is secured and Patented July 25, 1922,

held in the drilling machine by the various well known means and in the case of well drilling is secured to the drill rope or. cable by Various well known means. In my construction the lower or face end of the shank or body 10, (Figures 1 and 3) is made .With

integral radiating flanges 11, 12, 13 and 14, Figure 4, and these flanges get gradually wider from the upper portion down to the end and preferably the flange on one side is opposite a flange on the other side, as illustrated in Figure 4, where there are four flanges at right angles. The lower or exposed ends of the flanges 11 and 13 are cut on a curve which is the arc of a circle transversely from one side of each flange to the opposite and approximately parallel side of the same flange as shown at 15, Figure 2. Also the lower or exposed ends of the flanges 11 and 13 are out, not straight across from the outer surface of one flange to the outer surface of the other flange, but are cut slightly wedge-shaped or on a slant or at an angle so that the inner or central part of each of these flanges is slightly longer than, and extendsdownward slightly farther than, the outer edge of the same flange as shown at 15, Figure 1, and 15, Figure 3. The flanges 12 and 14 are similarly cut on the arc of a circle 16, Figure 1, but at a slightly hi her level than the point where the fla nges 11 and13 are cut, thus making this the flanges 12 and 14 at their lower ends entirely across the shank from the 'outer opposite ures 1 and 3) which slats or inclines slightly inward from the mouth or opening of the groove; and onthe other side.- the wall of edge of one flange to the outer edge of the flange, and'this groove hason one side a substantially straight wall 17 (Fig-- match the" corresponding wall 17 (Figures 1- a substantially straight portion 18 (Figures '1 and 3,) which is nearest the mouth or entrance to the roove, and which part of the wall extends the full length of the groove from one side of the drill to' the opposite side; next, a substantially semicircular portion 20' (Figures 1 and 3) which also ex-, tends the full length of the groove; and lastly, near the upper end orbottom of the groove, another substantially straight portion 19 (Fi ures 1 and 3) which also extends the full part of this wall 18 (Figures 1 and 3). The upper end or bottom 31 (Figures 1 and 3) of this groove is substantially straight or flat and joins the above described walls in a slight curve which may be the arc of a large circle 32 (Figures 1 and 3). The shank 10 (Figures 1 and 3) in cases where it is notdesired to have air or water pass through the drill may be made ofva solid piece of metal as shown in Figure 3; and in cases where it is desired to have air or water pass through the drill this shank may have extending through its central portion longitudinally from end to end a hole or bore 35 suitable for the passage of such air or water as shown in Fi re 5.

My detachable bit point embodies four radiating flanges at right angles and is so formed on its upper-surface as to match and fit across at all points the lower exposed surface of the shank or body which has just been described, and the lower or cutting edges'of the bit point are preferably made tapered or V-shape as shown, so as to properly do the work of cutting. The flanges 21 and 22 on the bit point have their upper surfaces cut on an anglein one direction,

viz on the length of the flange and on a transverse curve in the arc of acircle in the other direction, both corresponding to and fitting the curved or rounded and slanting ends .15 of the flanges 11 and 13 on the shank. The flanges 23 and 24 on the bit point are cut away along the margins for a short distance inwardly on an arc of a circle and at a higher level than that on which the flanges 21 and 22 are cut, so as to flt the lower end of the flanges 12 and 14 of the shank. A central vertical flange 25, how

ever, is leftextending entirely across the device through the center from the outer edge of flange 23 to the outer edge of flange 24, (Figures-l and 2). This flange has .considerableheight and has on one side a substantially straight wall slanting, as it extends upwardfrom its base, slightly inward to and 3) of the socket o'r groove; and has on the other side a substantially straight p'orition't'o match the portion 18 (Figures 1 and 3) of the socket and-another substantially length of the groove and 1s farther removed from the opposite wall of the groove than is the. first described straight portion to match the portion 19 I the rounded portions 32 (Figures 1 and 3) of the socket. A pin 27 (Figures 1 and 3) may be inserted in the opening formed by the two semicircular matching grooves and may extend from one side of the drill bit to the other, thus furnishing a lock for holding the drill bit point in-p-osition on the end of the shank against any longitudinal movement. It will further be observed that by reason of the tongue and groove connection between the bit point and the shank, and by reason of' the fact that these tongue and groove connections extend across the ends of the parts at right angles, the bit point is held against any rotary or lateral movement on the shank. The semicircular grooves 20 and 26 are furthermore so related, particularly in connection with the curved portion of the flange 25, as to cause a clamping action when the pin 27 is inserted in the opening formed by those grooves. A curved cylindrical metal spring section 28 (Figures 3' and 4) which may be on the arc of a circle in section, is placed within a verticalopening or hole 29, (Figure 4) extending upwardly from the bottom of the bit point centrally and the spring projects slightly out into the semicircular groove 26 (Figure 4). The

pin 27, (Figurev 4) may have on it at its' center, a slightly depressed portion 30 (Figure 4) which by contact with the spring 28 (Figure 4) will lock it in position while. the spring still exerts tension on it. It will be observed that the form and shape of the parts at their meeting surfaces with the drill bit point will make close contact with the shank at all points transversely, thus furnishing the full surface of contact for the drilling operation, and preventing undue strains from being localized and at the same time the arrangement is such that the looking means clamps the parts together so that there is no lost motion and none will be produced in ordinary Wear.

In cases where it is not desired to have air or water pass through the drill the hole 29 need not go to or through the working face of the bit point but may .be made to extend as far as desired'to hold the spring 28 as shown in Figure 6 while in cases where it is desired to have air or water pass through the drill this hole will extend clear sitevto and continuous with the hole or bore of the shank as shown in Figure 5 to allow the passage of air or water.

It will be observed that the. drill bit or point may be removed from the shank or body by driving out the pin 27 (Figure 4) and then lowering'the drill bit from the shank until the upper edge of groove 26 (Figure '1) comes in contact with the lower edge of groove, 20 (Figure 1) and then removing the bit or drill point by sliding it to either side; In like manner a new drill point may be placed in position by sliding the flange 25 (Figure 1) into the shank socket from either si e, then raising the drill point into position and inserting the pin.

Having thus described the invention what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Legers Patent is:

1. A drill or drill bit comprising a body or shank and a detachable cutting portion or bit fitting-closely the end of. said shank across the transverse end surface, the meeting surfaces being so formed as to have tongue and groove engagement at different transverse angles preventing relative lateral or rotary movement and causing a tight fit under end pressure and releasable locking means for preventing longitudinal movement of the bit away from the shank.

2 A drill or drill bit comprising a body or shank and a detachable cutting portion or bit fitting closely the end of said shank entirely ""facross the transverseend surface, the meet- 3 5 ing surfaces being so formed as to havetongue and groove engagement at different transverse angles preventing relative lateral or rotary movement and causing a tight fit under end pressure and releasable locking means for preventing longitudinal movement of the bit away from the shank.

3. A drill or drill bit comprising a body or shank and a detachable cutting portion 'or bit fitting closely the end of said shank entirely across the transverse end surface, the meeting surfaces being so formed as to have tongue and groove engagement at different transverse angles preventing relative lateral or 'rotary movement and causing a tight fit under end pressure and releasable locking means for preventing longitudinal movement of the bit away from the shank so formed as to exert a constant force pressing the bit tightly against the end of the shank.

4:. A drill or drill bit comprising a body or shank and a detachable cutting portion or bit point fitting closely entirely-across the end ofsaid shank, the end of said shank being provided with a transverse groove extending upwardly a material distance across the ce'nter,one wall being substantially vertical, inclining slightly inward as. it-extends upward; the other wall being substantiallyvertical. having; a semicircular groove therein running transversely about midway the opening produced by said semicircular grooves asto clamp and lock the parts together.

5. A drill bit comprising a body :or shank and a detachable cutting portion or bit point fitting closelyjf entirely across the end of said shank, the end of said shank being provided with a transverse,,,groove extending upwardly a material distance across the center, one wall beingi-substan tially vertical inclining slightly inward as it extends upward; the other wall being substantially vertical havingF'a semicircular groove therein running transversely about midway betweenthetop' and bottom of this wall, the floor orjupper wall of this groove being substantially flat and joining the walls or sides withslightly rounded edges or curves, arcs of circles, atransverse flange on said bit point of such shape as to fit said transverse groove and having a semicircular groove in position to match the" semicircular groove in said sliank portion, a metal spring in said bit point extending transversely of and projecting into said semicircular grooves, and a locking pin so fitting the opening produced by said semicircular ,grooves as to clamp and lock the parts together and compress and lock with said metal spring.

6. A drill-or drill bit comprising a body o'r'shank havingeradial flanges disposed at right angles to. each other and gradually increasing in width from their upper ends towards the end of the shank, a bit point formed of a single piece of metal comprising radial flan es corresponding to and at one end fitting tightly against the ends of the shank flanges and at the other end adapted for cutting, tongue and groove connectionsbetween said shank and bit point at right angles to each other adapted to cause a tight fit when pressed together preventing lost motion and relative rotary or lateral movement, and detachable means for locking the two parts together under tensionagainst relative longitudinal movement.

'7. A drill or shank having radial flanges disposed at or drill bit comprising body right angles to each other and gradually ini creasing in width'from their upper ends towards the end of the' shank, a bit point formed of a single pieceof metal comprising radial flanges corresponding to and at one end fitting tightly against the ends'of the shank flanges and at the other end adapted for cutting, tongue and groove con nections between said shank and bit point on right angle lines parallel to said flanges, one of the flanges and its corresponding groove being of considerably greater depth than the other and extending within the lateral margins of the fiangesnfrom the end of and to the end 'of the opposite one and across the center, the said flange and groove of greater depth having meeting surfaces on one side so formed as to cause a wedging action as the parts are forced together and detachable means on the opposite surfaces for locking them together against separation.

8. A drill or drill bit comprising a body or shank having radial flanges disposed at right angles to each other and gradually increasing in width from their upper ends towards the end of the shank, a bit point formed of a single piece of metal comprising radial flanges corresponding to and at one end fitting tightly against the ends of the shank flanges and at the other end adapted for cutting, tongue and groove connections between said shank and bit point on right angle lines parallel to said flanges, one of the flanges and its corresponding groove being of considerably greater depth than the other and extendin within the lateral margins of the flanges rom the end of and to the end of the opposite one and across the center, the said flange and groove of greater depth having meeting surfaces on one side so formed as to cause a wedging I action as the parts are forced together and having in their opposite surfaces similar semicircular grooves so positioned that when brought into register the wedging action will hold the parts rigidly clam ed together against lost motion, and a ocking pin entering the opening formed by said simicircular grooves and extending along it and locking the parts together in clamped position.-

9. A drill or drill bit comprising a body or shank having radial flanges disposed at right angles to each other and gradually increasing in width from their upper ends towards the end of the shank, a bit pointv formed of a single piece of metal comprising radial flanges corresponding to and at one end fitting tightly against the ends of the shank flanges and at the other end adapted for cutting, tongue and groove connections between said shank and bit point on right angle lines parallel to said flanges, one of the flanges and its corresponding groove being of considerably greater depth than the other and extending within the lateral margins of the flanges from the outer end of one flange and to the outer end of the opposite one and across the center, the said flange and groove of greater depth opening formed by having meeting surfaces on one side so formed as to cause a wedging action as the parts are forced together and having in their opposite surfaces similar semicircular grooves so positioned that when brou ht into register the wedging action will hold the parts rigidly clamped together against lost motion, and a locking pin entering the said semicircular grooves and extending along it and locking the parts together in clamped position, and a central longitudinally curved, circular or tubular metal spring in said bit point projecting laterally partly into saidsemicircular groove and cooperating with said pin to lock the parts under tension.

10. A drill or drill bit comprising a body or shank having radial flanges disposed at right angles to each other and gradually increasing in width from their upper ends towards the end of the shank, a bit point formed of a single piece of metal comprising radial flanges correspondin to and fitting the ends of the shank anges with joints semicircular in cross-section and slanting towards the center, the joints between one pair of opposite flanges being on a different transverse line from those of other flanges to form locking shoulders and slanting slightly downward from without inwardly, the meeting ends of the shank and point on one pair of opposite flanges being provided with a central tongue and groove connection of less width than the flanges and of considerable depth extending from the end of one flange across the center to the end of the opposite flange, and spring pressed locking pin connection between the shank and point along said tongue and groove from one end to the other.,

11. A drill or drill bit comprising a body or shank and a detachable cutting portion or bit fitting closely the end of'saidshank entirely across the transverse end surface, the meeting surfaces being so formed as to 110 have tongue and groove engagement at different transverse angles preventing relative lateral or rotary movement the meeting surfaces of said drill bit and shank between one pair of opposing flanges being on a 115 different transverse line from those of the other pair of opposing flanges to form lock-. ing shoulders and slantin slightly downward from without inward and the meeting surfaces of those opposing flanges which venting relative lateral or rotary movement and causing a tight fit under end pressure 10 and releasable locking means for preventing longitudinal movement of the bit away from the shank.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

HILTON HENRY DES ROGHES. 

